STATUS: Rough pass at translation is below, but very general, refinements and clarifications to come.
Αὕτη ἡ βίβλος γενέσεως οὐρανοῦ καὶ γῆς, ὅτε ἐγένετο·
This is the book of the becoming of ouranos and gaia, when they came to be;
ἡ ἡμέρα ἐποίησεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν
in the day Theos made the ouranos and the gaia,
καὶ πᾶν χλωρὸν ἀγροῦ πρὶν γενέσθαι ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς,
and every green-thing of the field before it came to be upon the earth,
καὶ πάντα χόρτον ἀγροῦ πρὶν ἀνατεῖλαι·
and all grass of the field before it sprang up;
οὐ γὰρ ἔβρεχεν ὁ θεὸς ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν,
for Theos had not yet rained upon the earth,
καὶ ἄνθρωπος οὐκ ἦν ἐργάζεσθαι τὴν γῆν·
and no human was there to work the earth;
πηγὴ δὲ ἀνέβαινεν ἐκ τῆς γῆς,
but a spring was rising from the earth,
καὶ ἐπότιζεν πᾶν τὸ πρόσωπον τῆς γῆς.
and it was watering the whole face of the earth.
καὶ ἔπλασεν ὁ κύριος ὁ θεὸς τὸν ἄνθρωπον,
and Kurios Theos molded the human,
χοῦν ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς,
dust from the earth,
καὶ ἐνεφύσησεν εἰς τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ πνοὴν ζωῆς,
and breathed into his face a breath of life,
καὶ ἐγένετο ὁ ἄνθρωπος εἰς ψυχὴν ζῶσαν.
and the human became a living psychē.
10ποταμὸς δὲ ἐκπορεύεται ἐξ Ἔδεμ ποτίζειν τὸν παράδεισον· ἐκεῖθεν ἀφορίζεται εἰς τέσσαρας ἀρχάς. 11ὄνομα τῷ ἑνὶ Φεισών· οὗτος ὁ κυκλῶν πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν Εὑειλάτ, ἐκεῖ οὗ ἐστιν τὸ χρυσίον· 12τὸ δὲ χρυσίον τῆς γῆς ἐκείνης καλόν· καὶ ἐκεῖ ἐστιν ὁ ἄνθραξ καὶ ὁ λίθος ὁ πράσινος. 13καὶ ὄνομα τῷ ποταμῷ τῷ δευτέρῳ Γηών· οὗτος ὁ κυκλῶν πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν Αἰθιοπίας. 14καὶ ὁ ποταμὸς ὁ τρίτος Τίγρις· οὗτος ὁ πορευόμενος κατέναντι Ἀσσυρίων. ὁ δὲ ποταμὸς ὁ τέταρτος, οὗτος Εὐφράτης.
καὶ ἐφύτευσεν κύριος ὁ θεὸς παράδεισον ἐν Εδεμ κατὰ ἀνατολάς,
And Kurios Theos planted a paradise in Edem (Εδεμ) toward the east,
καὶ ἔθετο ἐκεῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὃν ἔπλασεν.
and placed there the human whom He had molded.
καὶ ἐξανέτειλεν κύριος ὁ θεὸς ἔτι ἐκ τῆς γῆς πᾶν ξύλον
And Kurios Theos made to spring up from the earth every tree
ὡραῖον εἰς ὅρασιν καὶ καλὸν εἰς βρῶσιν,
beautiful for sight and good for eating,
καὶ τὸ ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ παραδείσου,
and the tree of life in the midst of the paradise,
καὶ τὸ ξύλον τοῦ γνῶναι καλὸν καὶ πονηρόν.
and the tree of the knowing of good and evil.
ποταμὸς δὲ ἐκπορεύεται ἐξ Εδεμ ποτίζειν τὸν παράδεισον·
And a river flows out of Eden to water the paradise;
ἐκεῖθεν ἀφορίζεται εἰς τέσσαρας ἀρχάς.
from there it divides into four heads.
1. Φισων… περιέχων πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν Εὐιλάτ…
Pishon… circling the whole land of Evilat…
2. Γηων…
Gihon…
3. Τίγρις…
Tigris…
4. Εὐφράτης.
Euphrates.
(TODO... fill in more... but these are mainly geography.)
καὶ ἔλαβεν κύριος ὁ θεὸς τὸν ἄνθρωπον
And Kurios Theos took the human
ὃν ἔπλασεν,
whom He had molded,
καὶ ἔθετο αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ
and placed him in the paradise
ἐργάζεσθαι αὐτὸν καὶ φυλάσσειν.
to work it and to guard it.
καὶ ἐνετείλατο κύριος ὁ θεὸς τῷ Ἀδὰμ λέγων·
And Kurios Theos commanded Adamas, saying:
ἀπὸ παντὸς ξύλου τοῦ ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ βρώσῃ φαγῇ·
from every tree in the paradise you may eat eat;
ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ ξύλου τοῦ γινώσκειν καλὸν καὶ πονηρόν,
but from the tree of the knowing of good and evil,
οὐ φάγεσθε ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ·
you shall not eat from it;
ᾗ δ’ ἂν ἡμέρᾳ φάγητε ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ,
for in the day you eat from it,
ἀποθανεῖσθε θανάτῳ.
you will die away completely (ἀποθανεῖσθε) — by death (θανάτῳ).
καὶ εἶπεν κύριος ὁ θεός·
And Kurios Theos (the divine power) said:
οὐ καλὸν εἶναι τὸν ἄνθρωπον μόνον·
it is not good for the human (neuter gender) to be alone;
ποιήσωμεν αὐτῷ βοηθὸν κατ’ αὐτόν.
let us make for him a boēthos corresponding to him.
TODO: missing info here.............
Kurios forms living creatures; Adamas names them, but...
“οὐχ εὑρέθη βοηθὸς κατ’ αὐτόν”
no boēthos matching him was found.
23καὶ εἶπεν Ἀδάμ Τοῦτο νῦν ὀστοῦν ἐκ τῶν ὀστέων μου καὶ σὰρξ ἐκ τῆς σαρκός μου· αὕτη κληθήσεται Γυνή, ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς αὐτῆς ἐλήμφθη αὕτη.
24ἕνεκεν τούτου καταλείψει ἄνθρωπος τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν μητέρα αὐτοῦ, καὶ προσκολληθήσεται τῇ γυναικὶ αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν. 25καὶ ἦσαν οἱ δύο γυμνοί, ὅ τε Ἀδὰμ καὶ ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ᾐσχύνοντο.
καὶ ἐπέβαλεν ὁ θεὸς ἔκστασιν ἐπὶ τὸν Ἀδάμ, καὶ ὕπνωσεν·
And Theos cast ekstasis upon Adamas, and he fell into a trance;
καὶ ἔλαβεν μίαν τῶν πλευρῶν αὐτοῦ,
and He took one of his sides (pleurai),
καὶ ἀνεπλήρωσεν σάρκα ἀντ’ αὐτῆς.
and He filled up flesh in place of it.
καὶ ωκοδόμησεν κύριος ὁ θεὸς
And Kurios Theos constructed (as with a temple)
τὴν πλευρὰν ἣν ἔλαβεν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀδὰμ εἰς γυναῖκα,
the side (pleurai) which He took from Adamas, into a woman (gunaika / γυναῖκα),
καὶ ἤγαγεν αὐτὴν πρὸς τὸν Ἀδάμ.
and brought her to Adamas.
καὶ εἶπεν Ἀδάμ·
And Adamas said:
τοῦτο νῦν ὀστοῦν ἐκ τῶν ὀστέων μου,
this now is bone from my bones,
καὶ σὰρξ ἐκ τῆς σαρκός μου·
and flesh from my flesh;
αὕτη κληθήσεται γυνή,
she shall be called woman (gune / γυνή),
ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς αὐτῆς ἐλήμφθη.
because she was taken from her man.
ἕνεκεν τούτου καταλείψει ἄνθρωπος τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὴν μητέρα,
For this reason a human shall leave father and mother,
καὶ προσκολληθήσεται τῇ γυναικί αὐτοῦ,
and be bound to his woman,
καὶ ἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν.
and the two shall be one flesh.
καὶ ἦσαν οἱ δύο γυμνοί, ὁ τε Ἀδὰμ καὶ ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ,
And the two were naked, Adamas and his woman,
καὶ οὐκ ᾐσχύνοντο.
and they were not ashamed.
ὁ δὲ ὄφις ἦν φρονιμώτατος πάντων τῶν θηρίων τοῦ ἀγροῦ
Now the ophis was the most discerning of all the beasts of the field
ἃ ἐποίησεν κύριος ὁ θεός·
which Kurios Theos had made;
καὶ εἶπεν ὁ ὄφις τῇ γυναικί·
and the ophis said to the woman:
τί ὅτι εἶπεν ὁ θεός…
“Why is it that Theos said…?”
(He questions the command.)
She repeats the command:
eat from any tree - except this one.
καὶ εἶπεν ὁ ὄφις τῇ γυναικί·
And the ophis said to the woman:
οὐ θανάτῳ ἀποθανεῖσθε·
you will not die-away-by-death;
ἔγνω γὰρ ὁ θεὸς ὅτι ᾗ ἂν ἡμέρᾳ φάγητε ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ,
for Theos knows that in the day you eat from it,
διανοιχθήσονται ὑμῶν οἱ ὀφθαλμοί,
your eyes will be opened wide,
καὶ ἔσεσθε ὡς θεοὶ γινώσκοντες καλὸν καὶ πονηρόν.
and you will be as gods, knowing good and evil.
καὶ εἶδεν ἡ γυνὴ ὅτι καλὸν τὸ ξύλον εἰς βρῶσιν,
And the woman saw that the tree was good for eating,
καὶ ὅτι ἀρεστὸν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς
and pleasing to the eyes,
καὶ ὅτι ἀρεστὸν εἶναι εἰς τὸ κατανοῆσαι·
and desirable to make one understand;
καὶ λαβοῦσα τοῦ καρποῦ αὐτοῦ ἔφαγεν,
and taking from its produce she ate,
καὶ ἔδωκεν καὶ τῷ ἀνδρὶ αὐτῆς μετ’ αὐτῆς, καὶ ἔφαγεν.
and she gave also to her man with her, and he ate.
καὶ διηνοίχθησαν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ τῶν δύο,
And the eyes of the two were opened fully,
καὶ ἔγνωσαν ὅτι γυμνοί ἦσαν·
and they knew that they were naked;
καὶ ἔρραψαν φύλλα συκῆς,
and sewed fig leaves,
καὶ ἐποίησαν ἑαυτοῖς περιζώματα.
and made for themselves girdles.
14καὶ εἶπεν Κύριος ὁ θεὸς τῷ ὄφει Ὅτι ἐποίησας τοῦτο, ἐπικατάρατος σὺ ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν κτηνῶν καὶ ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν θηρίων τῆς γῆς· ἐπὶ τῷ στήθει σου καὶ τῇ κοιλίᾳ πορεύσῃ, καὶ γῆν φάγῃ πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας τῆς ζωῆς σου.
15καὶ ἔχθραν θήσω ἀνὰ μέσον σου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς γυναικός, καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ σπέρματός σου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ σπέρματος αὐτῆς· αὐτός σου τηρήσει κεφαλήν, καὶ σὺ τηρήσεις αὐτοῦ πτέρναν.
17τῷ δὲ Ἀδὰμ εἶπεν Ὅτι ἤκουσας τῆς φωνῆς τῆς γυναικός σου καὶ ἔφαγες ἀπὸ τοῦ ξύλου οὗ ἐνετειλάμην σοι τούτου μόνου μὴ φαγεῖν, ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἔφαγες, ἐπικατάρατος ἡ γῆ ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις σου· ἐν λύπαις φάγῃ αὐτὴν πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας τῆς ζωῆς σου·
18ἀκάνθας καὶ τριβόλους ἀνατελεῖ σοι, καὶ φάγῃ τὸν χόρτον τοῦ ἀγροῦ.
19ἐν ἱδρῶτι τοῦ προσώπου σου φάγῃ τὸν ἄρτον σου ἕως τοῦ ἀποστρέψαι σε εἰς τὴν γῆν ἐξ ἧς ἐλήμφθης· ὅτι γῆ εἶ καὶ εἰς γῆν ἀπελεύσῃ.
20Καὶ ἐκάλεσεν Ἀδὰμ τὸ ὄνομα τῆς γυναικὸς Ζωή, ὅτι αὕτη μήτηρ πάντων τῶν ζώντων.
...since this is descriptive narrative (less philologically controversial), we'll condense...
Kurios walks in the breeze.
Adamas hides.
Kurios questions.
Adamas blames the woman.
The woman points to the ophis.
Kurios delivers each their consequences.
καὶ ἐκάλεσεν Ἀδὰμ τὸ ὄνομα τῆς γυναικὸς αὐτοῦ Ζωή,
And Adamas called the name of his woman Zōē,
ὅτι αὕτη μήτηρ πάντων τῶν ζώντων.
because she is mother of all the living.
22Καὶ εἶπεν Κύριος ὁ θεός Ἰδοὺ Ἀδὰμ γέγονεν ὡς εἷς ἐξ ἡμῶν, τοῦ γινώσκειν καλὸν καὶ πονηρόν· καὶ νῦν μή ποτε ἐκτείνῃ τὴν χεῖρα καὶ λάβῃ τοῦ ξύλου τῆς ζωῆς καὶ φάγῃ, καὶ ζήσεται εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. 23καὶ ἐξαπέστειλεν αὐτὸν Κύριος ὁ θεὸς ἐκ τοῦ παραδείσου τῆς τρυφῆς, ἐργάζεσθαι τὴν γῆν ἐξ ἧς ἐλήμφθη. 24καὶ ἐξέβαλεν τὸν Ἀδὰμ καὶ κατῴκισεν αὐτὸν ἀπέναντι τοῦ παραδείσου τῆς τρυφῆς, καὶ ἔταξεν τὰ χερουβὶν καὶ τὴν φλογίνην ῥομφαίαν τὴν στρεφομένην φυλάσσειν τὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ ξύλου τῆς ζωῆς.
TODO: .........
Ἀδὰμ δὲ ἔγνω Εὖαν τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ,
And Adamas knew Eua his woman,
καὶ συλλαβοῦσα ἔτεκεν τὸν Κάϊν,
and having conceived, she bore Cain,
καὶ εἶπεν· ἐκτησάμην ἄνθρωπον διὰ τοῦ θεοῦ.
and she said: “I have acquired a man through Theos.”
2 Enoch says Αδάμ gets his name from the first letters of the names of the cardinal directions namely
A from East (Anatole)
D from West (Dysis)
A from North (Arktos)
M from South (Mesembria)
The Greek Anthology says the same thing, ADAM and the four directions:
108.—Ἀδέσποτον εἰς τὸν Ἀδάμ
Οὐ σοφίης ἀπάνευθεν Ἀδὰμ τὸ πρὶν ἐκαλεῖτο,
τέσσαρα γράμματ ̓ ἔχων εἰς τέσσαρα κλίματα κόσμου
Ἂλφα γὰρ ἀντολίης ἔλαχεν· δύσεως δὲ τὸ Δέλτα,
Ἂλφα πάλιν δ᾽ ἄρκτοιο, μεσημβρίης δὲ τὸ λοιπόν.
46
What follows is a list where Dr Hillman analyzes the Genesis story: