transcript —
20260512-Ancient Greek Intensive Course - Part 20

[Watch on YouTube] | Timestamped transcript

Transcript

>> All right. All right. Thank you for waiting. I'm sorry. I had to do a couple of things there. Madalena, how does it feel to be on unit 20? >> Uh it feels crazy. It feels good. I might throw up. >> Are you I swear I know I want you to get I told you to get get to work next week on finding a text to start translating, right? I told you all that, but I do want you to take some time off because you really

Shouldn't you're going to look a little bit at some text, but don't you know don't make a big deal about it cuz you do need to you do need to give yourself a break you're a little bit of brain break. Keep look keep reading the Greek and I'm going to keep in touch and I'm still trying to figure out how to do a class for readers now that you could do. I saw that you got um I saw that you got the lobe already for Apollodorus. Is that >> Yes, thanks to the library they got it

They gifted it to me. >> Nice. >> I got it today. Yeah. >> How do you like it? How do you like it? >> Good. I um I was reading a little bit of it for for fun and um

Yeah, it was it was cool. >> He Here's what you should do. I'm going to give you the advice that Fanny LeMoine gave me when I was uh on uh graduate student. She said um

Digest those lobes. Um go ahead and use it as a the biggest crutch that you need because you're going to be learn you're going to be packing your vocabulary is what you're going to be doing. Now that you're out there looking at text you're going to really be packing vocabulary and you can't look up things so quickly right? Um that you can pack enough into your head. So she explained to me, she said, "Now listen, this is what I want you to do. Read it in English. Just read the whole

Thing in English. Then pick out a section that you want to start in and look at it in the Greek. >> Okay. >> And you've got the Greek on the left side. Whenever you come across a word that you don't know, just jump to the right and see what it is and keep going. >> Mhm. >> And the idea is that you're not spending as much time looking things up. Now um what what I do to supplement that is when um >> [sighs] >> uh let's see. What

I can't remember what volume series it was that I I think it was Hippocrates. Yeah, I think it was Hippocrates. Um what I would do is um just familiarize myself with the I would like blow up the first recommendation she had. Familiarize myself as much as I could with the content in English. Just just to have in mind what was going to be spoken. And um but I would really blow it up like you know, I'd look things up about what is he talking about here? Is there

Anything else, you know, we can find? And then go back and read as much of the text as I could on my own with the Greek using the English as a crutch for picking up vocab. Cuz when you're dealing with medicine for example, um a lot of the tech a lot of the technical words um you don't need a graphic description of them. A joint is a joint. You know what I mean? Um a disease epilepsy is epilepsy, right? I mean um so yeah. Um but Fanny LeMoine told me

Um this is the way to really jump-start your vocabulary. >> Yeah. >> And really expand your vocabulary. And I told her when she did I said, "Isn't it cheating? I don't want I've I've taken enough Greek now that I can translate on my own with no problem and shouldn't I be doing just the Greek?" And she said, "Absolutely not. You're stupid if you don't pack as much vocabulary as you can in your head." And she said, "Please understand there's nothing wrong.

Absolutely nothing wrong with reading the English translation. All right? It's not There's no like moral Now, today where I am, if you give me a text and I go to consult a translation um without tackling the text myself, then the burden is on me. Right?

Yeah, so you have to go. You will always use translations. Okay? Don't be ashamed of it. It's not a matter of you don't get it as well. Some of those translators have been working in those fields and they know they have ins with the words that you may you're just not going to have it on first reading. So, realize there's a big value to those translations. Those lobes will be your life. Those lobes will be your life. Um, okay. Apollodorus is a beautiful place to start cuz it's got all sorts of interesting stories in it. You know, so

Um, yeah, and you're going to get the basic vocabulary. That's good. That's fantastic and you'll never stop using the lexicon. You never will. >> Yeah. >> Right? >> Yeah, I have I got an LSJ this last week. >> Did you? >> little um, middle little, yeah. >> A middle little, that's the The little little is way too small. You know what I mean? It's like no, it just doesn't have any. The middle little is good for class. For taking that taking that bad boy to class, you know what I mean?

The big one, did you have you seen the big one? >> Yeah, online. >> No, but I mean have you seen like a book copy of it? >> Oh, no. No. No. >> It's It's huge. It's like 8,000 pages.

And um, it's a huge heavy Oxford tome and the pages are paper thin. And the writing is so [\\h__\\h] small, it's impossible. Is it They cram so much. When you go to the online version, you're just seeing the entry. You're not seeing like a page with a thousand of those [\\h__\\h] things on it. Right? So, it's um It gives you a different Here it is. Chewie, got it. I think it's I'm going to tear my shoulder again. Look at this. It's amazing. I mean, come on, seriously? It's really heavy.

It's really heavy. It's the biggest by far the biggest lexicon dictionary that I've ever held. And I have the entire Latin dictionary. It's nothing. Classical Latin is nothing compared to I did. I pulled my shoulder again. God damn it. Yeah, I'm good. Um Yeah. So,

Maybe there's a way for you to build your >> [snorts] >> Loeb Library slowly. Slowly. I mean, you know, whatever it takes, however you get the money. >> [laughter] >> Right? That's what my That's what John Scarborough told me. He said, "However you get the money." >> [laughter] >> Um you want to buy Loebs. And build build a nice library. Now, the thing is um [\\h__\\h] that because that's old. And he used the typewriter. John Scarborough actually wouldn't use a computer. He used a typewriter. And which he was good at cuz he didn't make

Mistakes, right? Uh so, anyway, but um you've got to embrace the more intensive technology and get your membership to the Loeb Classical Library online. Can you do that? >> Uh I can try. >> [clears throat] >> Yes. >> Where's my >> Um I don't know. Chewie, how much is that?

It's like $130 for a year. My sub- my subscription ran out. I should re- I should renew mine as well. But, um Yeah, cuz you get everything. Everything. And I know you like books. I know you like the physical book thing. Um, but >> Yeah. >> you'll have access to everything in the Loeb series. It's not all of Greek literature by any stretch of the imagination.

>> Right. >> All right. We'll have to get you Galen from somewhere else. If you ever looking to get >> LH, uh, had a bunch of PDFs that I downloaded. >> What happened to LH? I haven't seen him make any videos lately. >> he was he he said he was busy and I was like And I told him we missed him.

>> I hope he wasn't that guy that I accidentally kicked off of the meet. It's not me. >> it was me. No, it's not me. >> No, I restored him, by the way. If you guys can let him know I restored him. I really should Here's the funny thing was I woke up super early. I don't know what I was thinking. I think I was still kind of in a dream. And I just remember looking at my phone and killing someone and then going back to sleep. It was like a Saturday morning or something. It

Was weird. So, anyway, I restored him. But, for some reason I killed him.

Yeah, no, you killed somebody. But, the person you killed >> a Yeah, I think yeah, for sure.

>> He's designing what? >> He's designing a website, um, and bought the domain of Lady Babylon 666. He made it. >> Fantastic. I didn't know that. >> Yeah, he's creating something like similar to the Som library, but it's really like um, early 2000s looking.

>> Tell him Tell him what I'll do is I'll Tell him I'll look at it when and I'll feature it on Lady Babylon. Because I didn't mean to kill I don't know I don't know honestly what was going on. Um >> Yeah, I'll send you the link to it. >> so late.

He wanted Yeah, no, I that's a That was a bad That was a bad on me. So, tell him I've restored his name and everything. I went back and I told Joey I was like I don't think I killed that I think I killed someone, but I don't think I should have. And so >> So, he made another profile. >> [laughter]

>> Yeah, but I >> [snorts] >> But I wanted him to have his original one back. >> Okay. >> You know, so it You can talk to him, right? And express to him Tell him, "Hey, >> Yeah, I'll send you the link. I'm sorry, but >> I'm also a sleep walker, right? So, and I eat and fix You know, I'll eat an entire banana peel and all at 3:00 in the morning, right? And just wake up [laughter] and No, I don't mean to, right? I just I'm

Asleep while I do it. And I have ever since I was a little kid. It's just I have some kind of sleep thing where I walk around and do things. And I think because we've been going to bed so late I think it was close to the time that I'm used to waking up, and I think I just executed him for some reason. I don't know. But anyhow, tell him, you know, we've rectified it. And thank you for all the hard work. Thank you for all the hard

Work. I appreciate that, and I'll look at it and feature it on Lady Babylon. How's that? That would be nice. That would be nice. He didn't make a bunch of money off this or anything, does he? >> No, not at all. >> Good, because that's what I'm afraid of. The Bravo people are out there. And they're still sniping me. Can you believe that? >> I don't know for why. I don't know why.

>> It's just, you know, I thought you set Neil in his place. I thought you You know, and it's nice to hear you say that. >> He was being so stupid. >> Yeah, and it's nice you made it through the course so that you know, you can say, "Hey, at least at least I can do the finish the course." >> Yeah, at least I had to make it past unit four or whatever. >> Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. You made it past, definitely. You know how you did that?

You excelled. I wonder if I know he watches. Chewie, didn't you figure out there's some way that he watches?

Oh, okay. >> [laughter] >> Creeper. >> Yeah, no, no, no. That's too funny. It's too funny. Okay, I get until the 7th to tell you guys about the band. Are you going to go out wherever it is? >> Yeah. Yeah. Definitely. >> Do you think we can get a lot of money saved?

Do you think we can get a lot of uh congregation to come out there? >> I think so. I I mean, there's I don't know I a lot of there's a lot of people on the west and out west and there's a fair amount out east, so um yeah. >> He um they it they're going to have uh uh New York, Philadelphia

And Indianapolis, I think. Indianapolis, I think was one of them. Yeah. >> Nice. >> Um I don't I'm not sure about >> Indianapolis is really close to me. >> Is it? Good. Good. Good. So, and they get I think they had plans to do Europe, too, after they did the American jaunt. So, as soon as the um um as soon as the 7th comes around, I'll have a or when the 7th comes around Was that hat Arthur Macre? What Which one was that? Anyway, when um when it comes

Out, they'll have a schedule um with all the cities, and I don't know if there are people that I could go meet at each of those stops, I would kind of be tempted to become a roadie or something, you know, and just >> [laughter] >> That'd be so fun. Nice. You should.

>> Would you do that if you had had a chance? >> Would I? I mean, probably. But I don't. I have all my children. >> Yeah. You can't be a roadie, right, when you're taking care of the little ones. You can't be a roadie. >> Not anymore, no. I used to do stuff like that. >> [snorts] >> That's good. So, you've gotten it out of your system. I may I may try to go at least to half a dozen. I don't know. I don't know. We'll

See. We'll see what happens to it. And then after that, there's even more coming. So, people are going to love it. Oh, God. So much. I'd like to say it, but I can't say it. Not about any of it. On the 7th, I can talk about the band. Fantastic. One of One of them. There's multiple musicians involved here. It's gorgeous. Um something about the Greeks and Greeks and the musicians. >> Yeah, there's like most of us here are musicians, I think. >> Yeah, are you guys? Oh, that's cool.

That's cool. It's something in the Greek. You know, once they start reading the music texts and stuff. Oh, my god. It's going to Uh, I can't wait to open the portal. All right, let's look at unit 20 and just kind of relax relax with 20. Oh, god. They're final. This is our final bit of additional information. So, there's got to be a couple things in here that are pretty common and sure enough on that first page. Am I sharing? Sure enough on that first page, there's

Verbal adjectives telos ending in telos tea tea on. Right? Those are, you know, common enough to enter the intensive text. Many verbs form verbal adjectives which which express necessity or obligation. Right? They're adding telos tea tea on as suffix.

Yeah. Okay. So, let's take a look. Let's take a look at some examples. Luo principal part six edeluthane verbal adjective lutelos lutela luteon tedome principal part six

Edothane dotelos dotela doteon poieo epoiethen becomes poietelos

Poietela poieton Okay. I've really got I've really got no problem with that. Look at how you have to mold yourself though with different letters. With the consonants fee or he >> Yeah. >> right? They lose their aspiration and become a P or a kappa. So archo >> Mhm. >> everything becomes archaios.

So you you see how that kappa really comes from the >> Yeah. >> heats. You're just losing that aspiration. grapho egraphen grapteos. So again, losing your aspiration. Good and plakteos. That's pretty that's pretty um you know >> Mhm. >> Okay, how do you use them? You got two ways you can use them. You got a personal passive construction, right? And an impersonal construction that's active and middle. Well, show me what you mean, people. Look at the Look at this personal construction of these verbal adjectives poieta os.

Right? Okay. Look at the second example. Tauta poieta estin. And they translated this these things are having to be done. Okay, these things must be done. Right? These things to be done are. Okay, so these things must be done. That suffix is just telling you there's a necessity that's happening.

Right? Let's look at the examples at the bottom. Hēmin tauta graptea estin. All right. Tauta these things >> Yeah. >> Mhm. are estin graptea to be done to be written. >> [clears throat] >> Hēmin, there's your agent. >> Mhm. >> By us. By us. These things must be written by us. Okay. Okay.

Humana who toy lutet oi acid

These people must be released or to be freed.

Right. Are to be released by you. You must release these people. These people must be released by you. Good. Okay. Do you have any questions about that type of use? This personal >> No. >> construction >> Okay. How about the second, the impersonal that's which is in a active or middle construction? Right? Okay. >> Yeah. >> Let's take a look at some examples. >> [sighs] >> The verbal adjective serves as a substantive. So, quante dic here actually The verbal adjective Any verb can be placed in the neuter nominative

Singular. It's actually Remember I said they're doing weird things with the neuter? So, you can take that verbal adjective and put it into the neuter nominative singular. Standing alone, not modifying any noun. In this impersonal construction

The verbal adjective indicates the action of the verb is obligatory. Right? Okay. The object of the verb if expressed stands in the same case as that which the verb requires in its finite forms of the personal agent of the action is named the dative of a personal agent is usually employed. The verbal adjective serves as a substantive. That's nice.

That I I don't think any of those are important except that last one. That verbal adjective is a substantive.

It's that adjective that is becoming that thing. Mhm. >> Okay. And it's the subject of the appropriate form of Amy to be. Sokrate dikan doteon estin.

>> Yeah. >> Hm. The men >> There is a need. >> Yeah. The >> [snorts] >> There is a need. Remember, you've got to put that in there. There is a need for Socrates

>> Hm. >> Yeah, to give justice, to pay the penalty. That's all they said, pay the penalty. There is a need for Socrates to pay the penalty. >> [sighs] >> Okay. All right. Okay, fine. Fine. Look at these. Just get used to using it. Humen toutous

Luteon esti. Again, there is a need for you to release these people. You must release these people.

Is that That's all good. Why don't you do these last two? Do you explain it to me? Haimen, do that one. >> Okay. Haimen autoi o luteoi estin estin.

Uh these men must not be released by you. >> Oh, there you go. He jumps in the middle. >> Is that the catch up? >> Oh, my bad. I didn't know where we were. >> That's okay. Houtoi, yeah. Good. Yeah.

>> [Sighs and gasps] >> There's a need, you know. Oh, God. What is the need for this time? These guys. All right? Not ooh luteoi, not be released, right? Humen by you. All right, fine. Look at the next one of these. They said, you must not release these men. Oul oute on estin. Again, there's just no there's a, you know, there's no need. Right? There's a need that you not release, I should say. There's a need that you not release. All right, which is really a double negative. Look at 148, the impersonal verbs.

Look at these impersonals, dei and chre. And both of those you're you're going to translate as this kind of must, something must happen, dei. They are impersonal because they're in the third person. Third person singular is special.

You can put a Greek verb in the third person singular and make it impersonal. You can't do that to everyone, but there are ones that they do it to that they use all the time, and these two are exactly that. They're the most common. It is necessary, dei. Is it necessary? Or they say there is need, there is need for something, right? Dei. And also chre. All right? Chre is more though like you say, "What's the difference?" They're both must, right? Notice that chre says ought. Dei is focusing on the fact that there is a necessity of this. Chre is focusing on

The fact that we ought to do it. It is our oughtness. All right? It's not that it's necessary or there's a need, but it is ought we ought to. It's hard to describe. You'll see how it's used in context, right? And the exercises will be terrible for that. It's you got to see this thing live, like it's used live. >> Yeah. >> Right? Like the impersonal verbs estin and exestin, it is possible, right? Are the verbs dei and chre. Whew.

Mhm. The Notice they don't have any subject. That's why they're indefinite. It is necessary. What is it? It is technically the subject. All right, but what is it? It's impersonal. So, that's the difference between a he, a she, and an it. An it doesn't have a personality. That's why you can't call your dog an it if you know who it is. Right? If you know your dog, you can't call it it. It doesn't work cuz it's not an it now, it's a he or a she.

Only because you've given it personality. So, there's something going on on that level with the Greek here. And yeah, okay. Okay. Fantastic. Let's keep going. Look at some of these. The forms of these verbs are as follow, right? Look, you've got a present forward present subjunctive, present optative de oy.

>> Oh god. >> Right? >> De oy. >> Yeah. If only it If only it's necessary, god damn it. Right? You can get an aorist out of it. A de ace is Nice. Nice. Nice. Nice. Okay. Participle only occurs in the neuter. These verbs take an infinitive, usually with subject accusative to complete their meaning. Okay. Read this sentence to me in Greek, the one that I've got. This is >> Okay. De ya he mas te to po ie sai.

>> Notice how fast you read that. Notice you read it perfectly and you [snorts] read it fast. This is so [\\h__\\h] cerebrally arousing. I thank you for the fact that you can be so good and quick like that. Seriously, seriously.

>> Oh, thanks. >> There is need for us to do this. Do you see how it works day? There there is some kind of need. And notice that it kicks it into like an indirect statement, so you get a subject accusative. And then you're then you're infinitive. There is need that you could say here. There is need that we do tuto this thing.

>> Okay. >> Yeah. There is need that we poieisai. Do you see how that's working? >> Mhm. There is and then we all Yeah. >> Cuz they put underneath that we must do this. But

There's no verb with the we tagged on with the second with first person plural tagged on the end of it. Right? So, we just have an infinitive here. What the [\\h__\\h] Right? It's because this is how impersonal verbs work, day. And chrei is going to do the same thing. Chrei hemas tuto poieisai.

It is necessary. Chrei, that's a third-person singular. Chrei, it is necessary or we ought. Right? There is an oughtness that we do this. And it's using that subject accusative, right? There is an oughtness. Oh god. Good.

When negated, these verbs usually mean must not. But oude can sometimes mean there is no need. The Notice the fine difference >> the day. Yeah. Okay, yeah.

>> Two types of must. We must not, right? And there is no need. Oh, that's a slightly different Okay, look at the examples of ou dei and ou chre. He mastu poiesa. Those are both we must not do this. Right? But look at Look at the variant that they've got below that. Ou dei can also be there is no need. And those are not the same [\\h__\\h] thing. >> No. >> Yeah. So, okay. You're going to see that This is the kind of [\\h__\\h] >> This is the kind of stuff when you're in a graduate course or say a reading

Course. You don't have to be a graduate course. You can just be in like a Once you're done with your introductory Greek and you're taking reading classes, this is the kind of thing that will catch you. >> Yeah. >> Right? You will You'll forget that dei can be used to express need. And it won't fit. You'll do a translation and you'll translate it as must and No, it just doesn't quite fit. It's the kind of thing you think, "Oh, [\\h__\\h] Remember, that's why they told me

That way back there along with five gazillion other things." Right? So, you know, it's just the kind of thing that you practice. Practice, practice, and you're going to make mistakes. By the way, let me say this while I'm while I'm standing here remembering. Um you're going to make huge mistakes. And you're going to be translating in your Apollodorus and you're going to think you have it. And it's But it's Something's going to be wrong. So, you check the English and it'll be way wrong. And you'll be like, "Shit." And you'll

Go back and you'll see how it was wrong. And just that practice of learning of making mistake and then seeing why you made the mistake, that's huge. That makes you take a huge step forward. Cuz imagine after you've made thousands of mistakes and learned from them, pretty soon you're going to stop making those thousands of mistakes, right? And your translation skills will be refined.

Nice. So. Yeah. Um keep that in mind. Keep that in mind. >> Okay. >> Oh God, let's keep going. Do you have time to keep going? Let's keep going. >> Yeah, okay. >> Let's go to Let me share and go to and we'll take a break in just a second. I know it's getting late there. I'm sorry. But I wanted to get you all the way through. Look at the Get that thing out of here. Okay. Look at the use of del que. Del que.

>> [Snorts] >> Okay, so what is del que? The verb del que o to seem can be used in the third person singular just like those impersonal verbs above to express a personal or collective opinion or decision. [\\h__\\h] It's just another way to use a verb in some goofy way, right? So look at the first example. Del que moi. It seems good to me.

That's what del que moi is. It literally it seems to me. >> Mhm. Yeah, it seems to me, yeah. >> Right? All of it's In my opinion, it's like they're saying in my opinion this is how it should be done. It seems best to me poiein to do to to >> to do. >> Yeah. >> Seems best to do. Okay. >> That's not bad. Edox say it seemed tois Athenaiois to the Athenians.

Seemed good to the Athenians. It was within their purview to think, "Hey, we like this." To what? To send angelous messengers pros basilea >> [clears throat] >> to the king. And don't think that's a queen. Right? Just looks like it is. But remember the gender doesn't It's not influencing the It's just the way the noun is. Okay, anyway. Um >> Okay. >> Who knows Who knows? Maybe the first time And No, never mind. I'm not going to say that. Um Look at the Look at the Look at the um infinitive here, pemp

Sai. Notice that it's an aorist. >> Sorry. >> You know from your aspect Yeah, you know from your aspect that it's going to be >> past tense. >> It's going to be some kind of what? It's going to be a single Yes, it is, but it's going to be a single in the a single event. >> Yeah. >> In the aspect, right? They're not going to send messengers to the king every day.

It seemed best to the Athenians to send messengers to the king. They're not going to send them every day. That's why they put it here in the aorist cuz they wanted you to know this is a one-time deal. Right? That's Notice that that's the kind of [\\h__\\h] you're going to be picking out as you're translating. Okay, I promise you. I promise you. >> Yeah. [snorts] >> Uh a pronoun can stand instead of an infinitive as subject. To- uh tauta moi dokei It's literally these things seem to me

Good. Right? Seem to me to be within my purview of excellence. Look at dokeo here. Let's just Let me show you dokeo. >> Oh, okay. >> In the big sheet, in the big thing. >> I need some water. >> Oh, would you like to take a break, maybe? >> No, you can go ahead. >> Well, we'll just look at this and we'll take a break. Look, dokeo. Look at that. To expect. But then look. Did you think it means to think, suppose, or imagine?

If something seems to you, it's because you are imagining. Uh Now, this is going to boil your noodle. This is the opposite of phroneo.

>> Um, what was phroneo again? >> To think, baby. Oh my god. Seriously? That means to have understanding, to be wise? >> Oh, yeah. >> Right? >> Of phroneo, yeah. >> Yes, right. Look at under elphroneo, to think rightly. To think, Heraclitus. Look, I'm identifying in blue. Heraclitus 113, he says this is how he uses it. So, wait a minute. It's the opposite? Did you just tell me it's the opposite? Yeah, we did.

Boom.

To expect.

Now, that's dokeo. Why are they giving you these verbs like dechomai? Right? Well, how is this related to dechomai? And taking, receiving something, right? Oh god, is there a d rotification? Because if there is, it's going to be related to sight. To sight. Oh my god. Once you get down the hole here and see how these verbs develop, you're going to you're going to [\\h__\\h] yourself at the complexity. Look at number three. Delkomoi.

I seem

>> To myself. >> to me. Yeah, to myself. I seem with respect to me. What the [\\h__\\h] does that mean? Me thinks? What the Right? I mean, how close No, I'm serious. Like, do you see how we're trying to really trying to get down to what the Greek is expressing, but for us it's kind of odd. Now, if you if you thought you understood it, now it means to seem or pretend with an infinitive.

>> [Sighs] >> I look, I'm losing it, right? Aren't you losing it? How the hell context will help you through this cuz a lot of the times you um you're not you're not going to skip a beat because you'll see what the author is setting up. So, this won't be an issue, but okay, I just want you to see what it can do. And here's the one that they're using for us. It seems good in our text. It seems good. Right? Within my universe of thanking.

That's why I keep trying to use purview that way. Within my universe of thanking there is a goodness that means I am resolved on doing something. That is me thanks.

Sounds like >> Me thanks. Yeah. >> What if I translate this thing something? Right? Yeah. Okay. To be reputed. You can use it with an infinitive. Oh god. All right, fine. There you go. There's a serpent. Look at that serpent producing young. >> Yeah. >> Isn't that nice? Watch this. Tekein Drakont e doxen.

>> What was the way that she was thanking? How did it seem to her? It seemed to her that See the now we're in the indirect discourse and we get the accusative that the dragon

Gave birth. >> Yeah. >> Tekken. >> Ah, yeah. >> [sighs] >> And dokoun, look at this next line. And dokoun. And they translate that as me thought. >> [laughter] >> Listen to how barbarian that sounds. Are you serious? Are you [\\h__\\h] me? >> [gasps]

[clears throat]

>> Is it just me or is that totally not elegant? >> It is pirate talk. >> [laughter] >> It's pirate. That's perfect. All right. And there's our eagle again, our gorgeous digamma containing eagle

Down here from Ezekiel. >> Yeah. >> I would toss. >> I would toss. Yeah, I would toss. I love that. I love that word. Okay, let's take a short break. I know it's past your bedtime. Um, do you have enough time to finish off the content of the chapter? >> Yes, yeah. >> And for me to give you some advice on what your next what your next step you know, and how to proceed from here. Do you mind? >> Yeah. Not all the time. >> Okay, good. Let's take a 10

Uh >> [sighs] >> Let's take a 10-minute break. Okay, later I'll come back like 8 minutes. I don't need that much time. Let's take a short break and um be back. >> Okay.

>> You You Madeline? >> I'm here. >> Fantastic. Okay. Let's do go to the accusative absolute on the bottom of page 567. I just want to look at this construction because this is like a This is like another you know, it's like another artwork within the same group as the genitive absolute that we've seen. You know, it acts um in the same way, but you're switching cases and there is a feeling of obligation.

Right? There is some kind of feeling that something must be done. Look what happens. The participles of impersonal verbs dei dokei exesti enkhrei can be employed independently of the main verb in a construction called the accusative absolute.

Notice they're doing this by making them neuter again, right? That neuter singular can do a lot by itself. So, you're going to This is something that I'm I'm glad it keeps getting re-emphasized cuz it's really common in Greek. Such participles are neuter singular and can govern an infinitive just as do Okay, blah blah blah. The construction is like the genitive absolute.

Okay? Both the genitive absolute and the accusative absolute are circumstantial uses of the participle. Both are absolute in the sense that they express a circumstance separate from the main clause. Okay? So, just keep that in mind. These Just like the genitive absolute, these accusative absolutes will be independent.

>> Okay. >> Now, but the obligation or possibility with exesti, that's a possibility. But the obligation or possibility expressed by an The absolute usually applies to someone named in the main clause. So, that's kind of breaking that genitive absolute um convention. Let's just see how they work. So, go ahead and read that read that top line in Greek there.

Starting there. >> Deontos

Ekstes Poleos Ephugate >> Uh-huh. >> Um It being necessary >> Mhm.

The main clause, look, is with Ephugate. That's your main verb. And this little dance that Deon Dikai Dunai is doing, that little dance that that's doing, it's totally independent. You could just translate the sentence Ephugate Ekstes

Poleos, you fled from the city. You left the city. All right, but now we can clip a little accusative absolute. So, it's an accusative it's a neuter singular. Right? Accusative Deon. Deon, that's a neuter accusative singular Dunai.

Is your infinitive, and then Dikai is your object of Dunai. So, yeah. There is a necessity to give judgement, or there is a necessity to pay the penalty. >> Yeah. >> All right. So, this is where it says, "Hey, it's circumstantial."

It creates a circumstance. So, that's why they add the although. >> Yeah, that makes sense. >> Right? Yeah, with it being necessary to pay the penalty, you left the city. Although it was necessary to pay the penalty, you left the city. Yeah. Exxon

Agatha poiane.

It being possible to do good or since it is possible to do good. See how it becomes circumstantial? It lets you know that it's because it's now possible to do good things that we should do good things. Let's do good things because it's possible to do good things.

So again, just think circumstances with that. What do you think about that? How does that you know, if all the Greek you learn >> creates it it makes sense. It's paints a picture, but it's also showing how it's it's it's creating necessity.

>> Yes. Yeah. Right. >> Yeah. >> Good. Necessity and possibility too. I was going to have that one there. They love to use excess. Right. They They love for you to think that there's some kind of possibility. They give you came I which just means to lie. Right? Or to be placed. And I just want you to Okay, came I case I cate I came with a case I came I. It's a crucial. Does this look any different from anything you've done? No, it doesn't. Right? Okay, they're

Just adding it on cuz it's a super common verb. And here's a super common noun. Here's a super common noun. You're going to see this and you're going to not know >> Yeah, I've I know that. >> You're going to not know what case [clears throat] it is every time. Because you're not going to sit down and memorize news. News is odd. It's an odd second declension noun. And it's not There's not going to be a lot of them. And so you're not going to have to be

Worrying about this much. But look at the forms news, new, noi, noun. Right? You're You're to see noi. I guarantee if you ever see this nomos, you're going to think this is some kind of weird verb or something. Right? >> [laughter] >> And it's >> And it's >> I'll be like, "Oh, yeah, just mind." Yeah. >> Right. [laughter] Right. It's just mind, but let's let's let the And the last one is the the noun city, astu, asteos. And it's a small city, it's a town. That's why they

Translate it town here. >> Right, it's not a polis. But before we go from the final sections of the book, I want you to see nous. >> Oh, yeah, show me. >> Yeah, I want you to see what mind really is. >> Mhm. >> And just look through this. And just, you know, pretend you're graduating from the course and you can just kind of enjoy it. Right? And there it is. Mind as employed in perceiving and thinking, sense or wit.

>> [Sighs] >> Look at what they do under number two, noun echein. What does it mean to have mind?

It means for something to have >> um perception. >> Yeah. >> Awareness. >> To have mind. Do you have mind? Are you sensible? If you do, you're going to have ultimately purpose.

I mean, I I'm It's I don't think I'm making it sound profound. I think it is because if mind How is mind related to purpose? I never put those two things together, right? Like, what is my purpose in life? It's my direction, my my mind is driving. >> How do you intend to do so, Alyssa? >> Intention.

Yeah. Love it. Now, look at B though at the bottom. This is where they get creepy. Mind is the active principle. That's Anaxagoras, one of those pre-Socratics that I told you to get and read that are so important. Mind, nous,

Is the active principle of the universe. If you ever read Plato or Aristotle and you don't know that they are using this universe of of the word, then you're going to be in trouble. It's the active What is the Like you see that and you trans- You see the English, the active principle of the universe. Can you just explain to me what that is? >> No. Um well, I could try. Um active mind as active principle,

Um an ongoing uh set of laws of existence, kind of. But, um cosmos within the psyche. Um perhaps. >> It's tough, isn't it? I mean if you dare to give a definite If you dare to say what that means, the active principle of the universe. So, there's something that's sticky between

People and objects and >> between the capabilities of the mind and the external universe. >> Yeah. Yeah. It's yeah. Interesting. I don't think we would define mind that way. I don't think it I don't think we would try to connect our individual minds with the universe, but they are. >> New Age-y people are. >> Yeah, no. And you get this platonic Look at this stuff. Look at this stuff. The Genesis, hey Genesis. To cosmo. What is the origin of the organization?

>> Mhm. >> Ananke.

Right? The cosmos is organized by by Ananke.

Nou susta eos. >> [sighs] >> Oh god. What is this of the the minds? >> Sustasis. >> Communication. The that sustasis. That bringing together. It's just his stay me and sus soon, right? >> Yeah. >> Look at what it becomes though. Guardianship.

It's the power of attorney. Is there something in your mind that is the universe's power of attorney?

Seriously Plato, what the [\\h__\\h] is wrong with you, dog? Right? I mean it's for as much [\\h__\\h] as I give Plato, um the concepts that they're using are developed like, you know, an expert musician would write a symphony or something. It's just amazing.

>> Anxiety. >> Yeah. Yeah. Okay. Now, you see what capabilities you have to opening. >> Yeah. >> We're not we don't need to go through the vocabulary and whatnot. There's some nice new words in there, handful, but you know, you get the idea of the book of being finished. And now they give you at the end just some passages. Just some open passages of Plato and >> Yeah, go again. >> Yeah. And here you go. Start reading. You have the basics. There's going to be more points

Of grammar that you're going to pick up as you read. Just tiny tidbits, but you have all of the training now. You have all of the particular You've been exposed to all of the grammar and morphology, so you should be able to to proceed just like you did the other day with Paul and Dorcas. You should be able to Now, now you're going to be doing some different things, though. Now you're going to be just translating. And when you start translating, I want you to be aware

That your machine will become more and more efficient over time. But, it will only become efficient if it is being pushed. So, you know, it's like a You can get on a horse. I took care of horses in Israel, too. And you can get on a horse and you can ride a horse every day at the same just walk, just stride stride along, not even trotting, just stride along, and you can do it every day at a certain time to give them a little bit of exercise. Or, you can take the horse out

And let the horse do what it wants. And they usually want to run. And galloping with a horse is the best sensation that you can ever possibly imagine. That's what you need to be doing with your Greek. You need to be galloping. I don't want you to say, "I'm going to read for 30 minutes every day. I'm going to read the same [\\h__\\h] thing from beginning to end. I'm just going to go and work with No, no, no, no. I want you to go and try to run. Sometimes try

To run. Get Let that horse out there to to to you know to really uh go where its passion wants it to go. All right. >> Yeah. >> Follow the follow the inspiration as it leads you. That's what um >> Mhm. >> Yeah. That's what I would say. Now, if I'm able to get a reading group together, I will expect that you will be part of that. Is that possible? >> Yeah. >> Okay. Okay. >> For sure. >> I will keep you on the call list as soon as I can get it

Organized. But, in the meantime, so that we don't lose the huge advantage that we've got, I want to keep tabs with you about reading Apollodorus, okay? >> Okay. Sounds good. >> So, if you can email me next week, just drop me a quick note every day and let me know what your progress is in the Greek. If you don't have any that day, you let me know that you don't have any. Okay? I want to [clears throat] I want to try to encourage you now cuz

I'm thinking Madelaine, I'm thinking now how do we turn this into the greatest advantage for you and how do we really shoot you off the off the pad. So, putting you into a race with other horses now, I think would be the best thing. >> Yeah. >> For sure. >> Yeah. So, I'm going to call up some of my top some of my peoples, my peeps. Some people have been through the course who've done the whole thing and are are now reading. I've got one student of mine who's

In right now course on or a some kind of course on Demeter. Uh him to Demeter. You may want You may want to >> [snorts] >> You may want to Oh god, where should we See, this is the thing. We need to throw you somewhere where it's going to be most effective. >> Yeah. >> Apocryphal stuff. Give me Give me a little liberty to be able to send you now like as if I were advising you like Scarbor advised me. Give me

>> A couple of days I'm going to throw you a couple of things to read. Just some suggestions. And when you read them, I'll tell you, read this in English or read this Read this in English and then read this in Greek. I'm just trying to give give you access to the most plentiful sources that I think are going to explain the Bible to you the best. So, I may send you things there's no translations of. Just to get you just to get you going. Um

Cuz if I were you if I were like advising you like Scarbor would tell me, go off and read these doctors, read these toxicologists, read these botanists. Now you got to read these natural historians. You know, he gave me all of that direction. And that's what I want to do for you. So, let me continue next week to do that. And as soon as we get the reading group declared

>> Yeah, that'll be amazing. Thank you. >> And everybody will be watching you and expecting for you to do marvelously. So, you'll still be under tremendous pressures and I think that's good. >> Yeah, it is. >> [laughter]

>> Awesome. I really appreciate it. >> How do you feel? Is it >> It's kind of surreal, you know. I feel like we just started and now it I also felt like forever, you know, at the same time. >> Yeah. It was um it was uh a lot. It was a lot, but now you've got it. Now you've got it and you know you go back and show things up. Like I know you don't remember all the forms of T of Amy. >> Yeah, no. I I have them over here

Though. >> [laughter] >> I'm practicing right here. Yeah. >> Maybe you do know them all. Look, I presumed. I presumed. Okay, I'm going to love having you in a in a reading class. So I'm glad. I'm Hey, thank you so much, Madalena. It's a real

Privilege to be able to have a student like you. And let's go forward and let's keep pushing your Greek. >> Oh, thank you. >> I feel like proud of Madalena. >> [laughter]

>> Good job. Yeah. >> Of course. >> Thank you. >> Congratulations. >> Thank you. >> thanks to the voices and to the voices in Madalena's head who have been here watching the whole time and >> [snorts] >> everybody who's been organizing and doing things around it and for the anonymous [\\h__\\h] donor that made it possible for me to pay the electric bill and my food bill and to teach. Thank you very much. This is a thing of honor that you've done and I can't say enough. I can't

Madalena um >> Yeah. >> You're fortunate. You're you're you're fortunate and I'm fortunate to work with you. >> Thank you. >> We'll see you guys. We'll see you guys around and I may stop by. I may stop by your group and say hello. Just to say hello. >> Oh, yes. Please do. >> [laughter] >> Yeah. Yeah, and and Paint, yeah, I better see you in that [\\h__\\h] reading course, Paint. That's all I'm saying. >> Oh, I'm there. >> [laughter] >> Okay. All right. All right. I'm going to hold you to it, right? People sit around

Decide who's going to go to that reading course. That's the That's the thing cuz some of you some of you now have been through Some of you have followed Madalena. And those of you who have, you have a welcome place so with us. Okay.

>> And every time the executioner's axe landed on the back of his neck, the axe actually shattered. >> [laughter] >> Somebody >> That's not mine. >> Still today we'll be making fun discoveries about the capabilities of >> All right. Well, I'm going to bed. >> [laughter] >> All right. All right. I'll talk to you guys. >> Good night. >> That was mine. My bad, y'all. Good night. >> Good night. >> Thank you all. >> Thank you.